Description
Teej is the generic name for a number of Hindu festivals that are celebrated by women in many parts of North India and Nepal. Haryali Teej and Hartalika Teej welcome the monsoon season and are celebrated primarily by girls and women with songs, dancing, and prayer rituals. The monsoon festivals of Teej are primarily dedicated to Parvati and her union with Shiva. Women often fast in celebration of Teej.
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Types of Teej
Teej festivals are traditionally observed by women to celebrate the monsoons during the months of Shravan and Bhadrapada in the Hindu calendar. Women often pray to Parvati and Shiva during Teej.
Haryali Teej
Haryali Teej is celebrated on the third day after the full moon in the month of Shraavana/Sawan. As Shraavana falls during the monsoon or rainy season when the surroundings become green, the Shraavana Teej is also called Hariyali Teej. A fast is often kept and the focus is the moon.
The Hariyali Teej festival is also celebrated to remember the reunion of Shiva and Parvati, the day when Shiva accepted Parvati as his wife. Parvati fasted and was austere for many years and was accepted by Shiva as his wife in her 108 birth. Parvati is also known as Teej mata.
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Sindhara
On Teej married daughters receive the gifts by her mother such clothes, bangles, bindi, mehandi, etc. Ghevar, a special sweet, are given to them on this day. These gifts are known as Sindhara. According to Bhatnager, Sindhara is derived from the Sanskrit word sringar "which means the decoration of women and their charming beauty. These gifts include sweets, henna, new bangles, and a new dress. The rich send expensive gifts. The unmarried girls also receive new clothes and articles of decoration".
Observance of Haryali Teej
Teej is celebrated in Punjab, Haryana and Rajasthan .
Punjab region
Haryali Teej is a festival when girls play on swings that are set up under trees or open courtyards. During Teej, in-laws, husbands and other family members give gifts, typically new clothes and accessories, to girls and women. Sweets are prepared especially ghevar in some parts of Punjab.
The festival is celebrated in Punjab, Haryana and Chandigarh.
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Chandigarh
Chandigarh administration makes special arrangements for Teej celebration in the Rock Garden in the city. School children present plays and other cultural programs on this day. The female members of the family, especially daughters, are given gifts and dresses.
Haryana
Haryali Teej is one of the famous festivals of Haryana, and is celebrated as an official holiday. Many functions are organised by the Government of Haryana to celebrate this festival, which welcomes the rainy season. Boys traditionally flew kites from morning to evening, though this tradition is losing its charm in big cities due to high rise buildings and lack of terrace space.
Swings are set up in open courtyards, under trees for the season. Girls apply henna to their hands and feet and are excused from household chores on this day. On Teej, girls often receive new clothes from their parents.
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Kajari Teej
Kajari Teej is celebrated in the North Indian Lunar month of Bhadrapud: the third day of the dark fortnight of Bhadrapada. Kajari Teej is also called Boorhi Teej. In Rajasthan, Kajari Teej is called Badi Teej as it follows Haryali Teej, which is known as Choti Teej .
Women in Uttar Pradesh pray to Shiva on Kajari Teej. It is also customary to sing folk songs known as kajris. The focus of the lyrics is usually on separation expressing the pining of a woman for her beloved in her parents' home, where she has been sent to celebrate Teej, or waiting in anticipation to be collected by brothers to celebrate Teej. The kajri is a folk song composed and sung in the regions of eastern Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and in parts of Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan.
Women who observe the Kajari Teej fast go without food and water. Kajari Teej is associated closely with Kajari Teej, which also involves praying to the moon. The fast is broken by eating sattu. The other focus of the day is to pray to the neem tree. A fair is held in Bundi in Rajasthan to celebrate Kajari Teej .
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Hartalika Teej
On the third day of the bright half of Bhadrapud, Parvati made a shiva lingam out of her hair and prayed. Shiva was so impressed that he gave his word to marry Parvati. Eventually, Parvati was united with Shiva and was married to him with her father's blessing. Since then, the day is referred to as Hartalika Teej as Parvati's female friend had to abduct her in order for the goddess to achieve her goal of marrying Shiva.
Accordingly, Hartalika Teej is seen as a major festival and is celebrated on the third day of the bright half of the North Indian Lunar month of Bhadrapud. The festival women feasting during the evening of Hartalika Teej, praying to Parvati and Shiva, remembering their wedding and staying up all night listening to prayers. The fast (also called nishivasar nirjala vrat) commences during the evening of Hartalika Teej and is broken the next day after a full day's observance which involves women not even drinking water. The focus is on praying to Parvati whom Shiva desired should be worshipped under the name Hartalika. The main areas of celebration are Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh,
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Uttarakhand, Bihar and Jharkhand. In Rajasthan, an idol of Parvati is taken out in procession in the streets accompanied by singing, and music. Hartalika Teej has also spread to parts of Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh.
Hartalika Teej of the north is not to be confused with Hartalika Teej of Maharashtra which is connected to the festiival of Gowri Habba.
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Akha Teej
Teej in Telangana forms part of a wider celebration that is a forerunner to other festivals being celebrated and is known as Kajal Teej. Kajal Teej is one of the Banjara tribe's biggest festivals.
Kevada Teej of Gujrat
Kevada Teej, also known as Kevada Teej, is a festival observed mainly in Gujarat. The festival is celebrated on the third day of the Shukla Paksha of Bhadra in Gujarat. This observance is similar to the Hartalika Teej fast . Married and unmarried women observe a fast on the day and offer the kevada flower to Parvati and Shiva.
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External link- Teej